星载激光测高技术发展现状

Progress and Current State of Space-Borne Laser Altimetry

作为天基系统的重要遥感遥测手段,星载激光高度计具有高精度、高分辨率、垂直分辨等优点,在地形地貌测绘、深空探测、全球预警和监测等方面具有独特的优势,发展前景十分广阔。对星载激光测高技术的发展过程进行了介绍,分别阐述了星载激光高度计及多光束推帚式激光高度计的工作原理,分析了多光束推帚式探测技术中多束激光并行发射、激光器技术和激光回波的阵列探测等关键技术,并介绍了星载激光测高技术的应用情况,最后对空间多光束激光探测技术的发展前景及我国星载激光测高技术的发展进行展望。

As an important tool of space-based remote sensing system, space-borne laser altimeter has a lot of advantages, such as high accuracy, high resolution and ability of vertical resolution. So it has unique advantages and bright prospect in topographic mapping, deep-space exploration, global alert and monitoring and so on. The development of space-borne laser altimetry is briefly introduced, and the working principles of space-borne laser altimeter and push-broom laser altimeter using multiple beams are given respectively. For the latter, key technologies are analyzed, such as the transmission technology of multiple laser beams, the laser technology, the array detecting and receiving technology of multiplexing signals and so on. The application of space-borne laser altimetry is also described. Finally, the prospect of space-borne push-broom laser altimetry based on multiple beams is predicted and the development of space-borne laser altimetry in China is presented.