唇腭裂患儿人工喂养现状调查

Study on feeding for children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate

目的了解唇腭裂患儿目前人工喂养的现状,发现存在的问题,为今后的喂养指导提供依据。方法采用方便取样的方法选取92例唇腭裂患儿家长,通过自设问卷,调查患儿人工喂养的现状,包括喂养工具、方法与技巧及喂养困难等。结果月龄6个月以上的患儿在满6个月时的人工喂养率为90.3%。大部分家长选择不可挤压的奶瓶(64.1%)及不带节流阀的奶嘴(81.5%)。33.7%的家长喂养时将奶嘴或勺朝向正确的放置部位,仅13.0%家长喂养完毕将患儿置于右侧卧位。家长提及最多的喂养困难是呛咳溢奶频发(26.1%)。结论人工喂养是唇腭裂患儿早期最主要的喂养方式,患儿喂养存在诸多问题。应加强对唇腭裂患儿家长母乳喂养及人工喂养工具的选择及喂养方法的教育指导。

Objective To explore how children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate are fed, to identify difficulties in feeding, and to pro vide references for feeding education of parents. Methods Totally, 92 parents of children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate were in- vestigated by using a self-designed questionnaire concerning feeding tools, methods and skills,and difficulties,etc. Results Totally, 90.3% children more than six months old had progressed to nonbreast feeding at six months. Unsqueezable bottle and pacifier with out throttle were chosen by 64.1% and 81.5% of parents, respectively; 33.7% parents placed the pacifier or spoon toward correct sites during feeding; and only 13.0% placed their children in lateral position after feeding; 26.1% of parents cited frequent coug hing due to choking and overflow of milk as the most commonly seen difficulty in feeding. Conclusion Nonbreast feeding with bottle or spoon was the main feeding pattern in children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate in early stage of their life,in which many proh lems sprout. Health education about breastfeeding and approapriate feeding skills and tools should be delivered to parents of chil- dren with cleft lip and/or cleft palate.