农户施肥投入结构及其影响因素分析——基于7个苹果主产省的农户调查数据

Farmer's Fertilizer Input Structure and Its Influencing Factors ——An Empirical Analysis on Survey Data of Growers in Seven Apple Main Producing Provinces

施肥投入结构关系到生产资源的合理利用与配置,影响到农业的可持续发展。采用全国7个苹果主产省620个种植户实地调研数据,运用联立方程模型,对种植户施肥投入结构及其影响因素进行分析。研究发现:化肥和有机肥投入之间存在显著的互补关系;遭灾和签订销售合同对化肥投入有显著正向影响,对有机肥投入有显著的负影响;非农收入占比、种植密度和灌溉便利程度对化肥投入影响显著为负,对有机肥投入影响显著为正;化肥购买价格和结算方式对化肥投入有显著正向影响;饲养牲畜对有机肥投入影响显著为负。基于此提出树立正确的施肥管理意识,确保农户有足够的有机肥源,提高肥料的利用率,克服农户施肥的资金约束等建议。

Fertilizer input structure altects the rational UUllZatton emu al^ut.a also has the influence On the sustainable development of agriculture. Based on the on-the-spot survey da-ta from 620 growers in 7 apple producing provinces, this paper analyzes the farmer＇s fertilizer input structure and its influencing factors with the help of simultaneous equation model. The result shows that there is a complementary relationship between the two fertilizers＇ input. Disasters and signing sale con-tracts have the postive imapct on chemical fertilizer input and negative impact on organic fertilizer input significantly. The proportion of non-agriculture income, planting density and the convenience of irrigation have the negative impact on fertilizer input, and the positive influence on organic fertilizer input. The price and settlement of chemical fertilizer have a positive impact on chemical fertilizer input,and raising livestock will decrease the organic fertilizer input significantly. Therefore, this paper proposes several suggestions, such as establishing the awareness of correct fertilizer management,making sure that farm-ers have adequate organic chemical fertilizer, increasing the utilization efficiency of fertilizer and overco-ming the funds restriction of farmer＇s fertilizing.