北京都市区服务业地域分工及其变化

Territorial Division of Service Industries in Beijing Metropolitan Area and Its’Changes

北京作为我国首都,近年来服务业发展迅速、地位显著增强。尤其是伴随着产业结构的不断升级,服务业日益成为城市经济的主体,其在城市内部的空间布局对城市空间结构的重构有着重要的影响。因此,对城市内部服务业空间布局研究显得尤为必要。本文首先对国内外关于服务业空间分布的研究进行了综述,然后基于1996年北京市第一次基本单位普查和2008年北京市第二次经济普查数据,采用地区专业化指数和区位商以及对应分析等方法分析北京都市区服务业地区专业化和分工的现状特征及其动态变化。研究发现:不同类型服务业在北京都市区内部的空间分布存在着明显差别;北京都市区服务业空间分布呈现出地域分工的特征,区县层次要比区域层次突出些;整体上,北京都市区服务业地区专业化呈现弱化趋势,各区域服务业地区专业化有升有降,区域之间地域分工有所弱化,各区县服务业地区专业化也有升有降,区县之间地域分工变化规律不明显。

Beijing, as the capital of our country, its＇ service industries developed rapidly and the status enhanced significantly. Especially accompanied by upgrading of industrial structure, service industries were increasingly becomingthe core of urban economy. Its＇ intra-urban spatial layout had important impact on the reconstruction of urban spatial structure. Therefore, research on spatial distribution of service industries is especially necessary. In this articlel we firstmade a review of the study on the spatial distribution of service industries in China and abroad. And then we analyzed the characteristics and changes of regional specialization and division of service industries in Beijing metropolitan area withthe index of regional specialization, location quotient and correspondence analysis methods, based on the first basic unit census and the second economic unit census of Beijing. This paper concluded that there were distinctive differences inspatial distribution of different types of service industries in Beijing metropolitan area; The territorial division of service industries had appeared in Beijing metropolitan area and the division at district level was more obviously than that atregion level; The regional specialization of service industries in Beijing metropolitan area exhibited trend of weakening, the regional specialization of service industries of three regions changed differently and the territorial division amongthese regions weakened, the regional specialization of service industries of 14 districts changed differently and the territorial division among these districts had not an obvious change trend.