对某院177例药品不良反应报告分析

Analysis of 177 Cases of Adverse Drug Reaction Reports in A Hospital

目的为了解本院药品不良反应(ADR)的发生特点,为临床提供参考依据,促进临床合理用药。方法对本院2009～2010年收集的177例药品不良反应报告,分别从患者性别、年龄、所用药品种类、给药途径以及不良反应的临床表现等方面进行统计分析。结果177例ADR中,女性比例明显高于男性(2.05∶1),以30～50 a中年组构成比最高。ADR累及的器官系统以皮肤及附件损害最常见(40.79%),其次是消化系统损害以及全身性损害(分别为14.91%和14.47%)。从药品分类统计,以抗感染药物引起ADR的构成比最高(95例,53.67%),其次是中成药(19例,10.73%)。头孢菌素是引发ADR的主要抗感染药物(37例,38.95%),其次是喹诺酮类(30例,31.59%)。从给药途径分类统计,以静脉滴注为主(146例,82.49%),其次是口服给药(28例,15.81%)。结论应加强ADR监测工作,合理用药,降低ADR的发生率。

Objective To explore the occurrence characteristics of adverse drug reaction（ADR）,so as to provide clinical references for the promotion of rational drugs application in the hospital.Methods A total of 177 cases of ADR occurred in the hospital during the year from 2009 to 2010 had been statistically analyzed and evaluated according to the patients’ gender,age,type of drugs,route of drug administration,and adverse reaction of clinical performance.Results In 177 cases of ADR reports,female patients had a higher level of ADR than male（2.05∶1）,patients in the age range of 30 to 50 had the highest constituent ratio of ADR.The clinical manifestation of ADR were mainly manifested as skin and local lesion（accounting for 40.79%）,followed by the digestive system damage and whole body systemic damage（accounting for 14.91% and 14.47%,respectively）.From drug classification statistics,anti-infective drugs inducing ADR were the highest（95 cases,53.67%）,followed by Chinese traditional medicines（19 cases,10.73%）.Among the anti-infective drugs,the occurrence of the main incidence of adverse reactions was Cephalosporins（37 cases,accounting for 38.95%）,followed by 4-quinolones（30 cases,31.59%）.From the route of administration of statistical classification,the highest was continuous intravenous infusion（146 cases,82.49%）,followed by oral medication（28 cases,15.81%）.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the ADR monitoring,and to promote rational drug application so as to reduce the incidence rate of ADR.