环淀山湖区域污染源解析

CONTRIBUTION ANALYSIS OF POLLUTION SOURCES AROUND THE DIANSHAN LAKE

淀山湖是上海市重要的饮用水源保护区和生态涵养区。近10a来水质富营养化程度急剧增加,藻类水华频发,对上海饮用水源地水质安全构成了巨大威胁。为加强污染物总量控制,采用排放系数法系统量化了2009年环淀山湖区域范围内6个镇主要污染源对该区域内水体的污染贡献,发现工业、农业、生活、城镇工矿和道路交通用地地表径流等污染源每年排放进入水体的污染物总量为TN 841.99t、TP 119.68t、COD 16 776.07t和NH3-N461.10t。生活污染源对TN和NH3-N贡献最大,农业污染源对TP贡献最大,城镇工矿和道路交通用地径流对COD的贡献最大。各镇中,汾湖镇是最大的贡献者,而周庄镇贡献最小。

The Dianshan Lake is an important drinking water source conservation area of Shanghai city.Its water quality safety have been severely threatened by the increasing eutrophication level and the phytoplankton bloom over the last ten years.For controlling the maximum amounts of pollutants permitted into the Dianshan Lake,the amounts of TN,TP,COD and NH3-N released into water body from six towns around the Dianshan Lake were parsed and quantified by using the methods related to emission factors.The results are as follows.The amounts of TN,TP,COD and NH3-N,which were from the main pollution sources including industrial,agricultural and domestic sewages,as well as surface runoffs of urban,industrial and road construction land and released into near water body,were 841.99 t,119.68 t,16 776.07 t and 461.10 t respectively in 2009.The pollution source with biggest contribution to TN and NH3-N was domestic sewages,while the agricultural pollution contributed most to TP and the surface runoffs from the urban,industrial and road land contributed most to COD.Among the six towns,Fenhu Town is the biggest pollutant contributor,whereas Zhouzhuang Town is the smallest.