蹦床运动规则的变化对成绩与排名的影响——以第30届奥运会男子蹦床比赛为例

A Study on the Change of Trampoline Rules Influencing the Results and Rank——Taking the 30th London Olympics Male Trampoline as an Example

运用文献资料法、录像观测法及数理统计法等,对参加2012年第30届伦敦奥运会蹦床比赛的全部16名优秀男子运动员的比赛成绩进行对比分析。研究结果表明:我国男子蹦床运动员的动作难度、成套动作质量与动作飞行时间已达世界先进水平,基本形成了中国、俄罗斯、日本三雄争霸的格局;预赛第一、二套动作成绩主要取决于动作完成分和动作高度分,动作质量与飞行时间的协同关系与预赛名次呈正相关;世界优秀男子蹦床选手名次越靠前,选手动作的难度越高、动作的完成质量越好、动作的高度越高。具有夺金实力的选手往往还有积蓄一定的"难度储备";把握蹦床项目的发展趋势和方向,保证一定难度基础上协同好动作质量与飞行时间的关系,是我国男子蹦床选手保持世界领先水平的关键。

With the methods of literature research, video observation, mathematical statistics and so on, this paper made a comparative study on the competition results of 16 male trampoline athletes who participated in 2012 the 30th London Olympics Games. The study shows that from the movement difficulty coefficient, movement quality and flight time, Chinese male trampoline athletes have reached the advanced level in the world, which makes up of the three top countries with Russia and Japan. In preliminary, the results of the first and the second action sets depend on the movement quality and height. The movement quality and space-time synergy are in positive correlation. The more elite male athlete one is, the higher the movement difficulty coefficient is, the better the movement quality is, and the higher the movement flight is. The potential winner should challenge a higher level in movement coefficient. The key factors of keeping Chinese male trampoline athlete＇s advanced competition level are to pay attention to the developing trend in trampoline, the balance of the movement quality and flight time based on some difficulty coefficient.