大型客车车身的阻尼减振降噪技术研究

Vibration and noise damping technique for large bus body

基于边界元法对车室进行声场分析和车身板块贡献度分析,进而找出车内噪声声压峰值处所对应的振动频率及该峰值下的"噪声源"板块,围绕车身减振降噪这一目标和车身设计轻量化的要求,基于响应面法建立阻尼复合结构的声辐射特性、模态频率和损耗因子与结构参数关系的数值模型,并对相应约束条件下的最佳阻尼复合结构参数匹配进行优化设计,综合研究内容对车身结构阻尼处理后取得了较好减振降噪效果。

Boundary element method was used to study the sound field of car room and the sound contribution of body segments. The frequency which the peak of sound pressure in the car corresponds and the body segment to which the noise sources of the peak component correspond were analysed. To reduce the vibration and noise of the bus body and in view of the lightweight body design, optimal parameters of the composite damping structure under corresponding constraints were investigated, considering the sound radiation, modal frequencies and loss factor characteristics of the composite damping structure model. Good results on the bus body were achieved by using the damping technique proposed.