Analysis of Meteorological Conditions of Freeze Damage to Citrus in Southern Shaanxi in the Winter of 2010 and Defensive Countermeasures

2010年冬季陕南柑橘受冻气象条件分析及防御对策(英文)

In order to take advantage of the climate resources more effectively ac- cording to the local circumstances and to plan and develop the citrus industry in Southern Shaanxi more reasonably. On the basis of the investigation of freeze dam- age to citrus occurring in Southern Shaanxi in the winter of 2010, the climatic back- ground for the formation of this freeze damage was analyzed. In combination with the freeze damage indicators during the overwintering period and the harmful accu- mulated cold during the cold wave, indexes for grading the freeze damage in southern Shaanxi were analyzed and verified, and the perspective of grading the freeze damage using the harmful accumulated cold during the cold wave was also presented. Through analyzing the extremely lowest temperature and the harmful ac- cumulated cold in the winter of 2010 and in history at 12 citrus growing counties （districts） in Ankang area and Hanzhong area, the reasons why the freeze damage to citrus during the overwintering period was severer in the west than in the east of Southern Shaanxi were discussed, and the results obtained were basically consistent with the actual situation observed from investigation. Finally, defensive countermea- sures against the freeze damage to citrus during the overwintering period were put forward from several aspects.

为了有效利用气候资源,趋利避害,合理规划和发展陕南柑橘产业,在对2010年冬季陕南柑橘越冬冻害灾情调查的基础上,分析了当年柑橘越冬期冻害形成的气候背景;结合柑橘越冬期冻害指标及低温过程中的有害积寒,分析并验证了陕南柑橘越冬期冻害等级指标,提出了用低温过程中有害积寒划分陕南柑橘越冬冻害等级的相关指标;通过对安康、汉中2市12个柑橘种植县(区)2010年冬季及历史极端最低气温和低温过程有害积寒的分析,探讨了陕南柑橘越冬期冻害西部重于东部的原因,其分析结果与调查实情基本相符;最后从多个方面提出柑橘越冬期冻害的防御对策。