结核潜伏感染诊断方法新进展与临床应用

New progress and clinical application in diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection

结核杆菌潜伏感染者人数众多,部分可发展成为活动性结核病,因此其诊断对早期预防结核有着重大的意义。目前临床上对结核潜伏感染的诊断方法主要是结核菌素皮肤试验和γ干扰素释放试验,两种方法存在各自的优缺点,虽然也有新的诊断标志物不断涌现,目前仍无统一的诊断标准。本文主要对几种用于诊断结核潜伏感染的方法和新的相关标志物及其在临床上的应用价值做一综述。

There are many people suffering from tuberculosis infection in the world, partly at greatest risk for progres- sion to active TB. So the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection is of great significance for early prevention of tuberculosis. Now the methods for clinical diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infections are mainly tuberculin skin test and gamma interferon re- lease test, both of which have the respective advantages and disadvantages. New tests also are needed to detect latent infection in people. More and more new diagnostic markers are constantly emerging, though there is still no uniform diagnosis standard. This review summarized the new progress and clinical application in diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection.