社区糖尿病足危险因素与健康教育需求的调查研究

Investigation of Risk Factors of Diabetic Foot and Health Education Status in Patients with Diabetes in Community

目的:调查社区中糖尿病足高危人群在糖尿病患者中的比例以及糖尿病患者对糖尿病足防治相关知识掌握的情况。方法:对哈尔滨市5个社区中262例糖尿病患者进行糖尿病足防治相关知识调查及ABI测定和分析。结果:262例患者中ABI<0.9者77例,占29.38%。糖尿病并发下肢动脉病变组与正常组比较,前者的年龄大、病程长、空腹血糖、餐后血糖、胆固醇、收缩压、吸烟率、合并冠心病率、合并脑血管病率明显增高。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、病程、PBG2h、HbA1c是影响ABI的独立因素。近50%的病人对糖尿病足防治相关知识掌握明显不足。结论:在社区定期开展糖尿病足筛查,及时发现糖尿病危险足,积极开展糖尿病足的宣传教育活动,提高患者的自我防护意识,减少糖尿病足的发生率。

Objective： To investigate the prevalence of patients with high risk of diabetic foot in patients with diabetes mellitus and the level of knowledge about foot protection in community. Methods：262 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus fi＇om 5 communities in Harbin were studied by using a self-designed questionnaire to explore their knowledge of foot protection, ABI was examined in the 262 patients. Results： 77 patients （29.38%） with abnormal ABI had older age, longer duration, higher fasting blood glucose, 2h post-meal blood glucose and HbA 1 c, higher cholesterol, higher systolic blood pressure. There were more smokers, more patients with cardiovascular diseasesand more patients with cerebrovascular diseases in non-normal group than those in PAD group. Nearly 50% of diabetic patients are lack of knowledge of foot protection. Conclusions： In order to find patients with high risk of diabetic foot, the screening of diabetic foot should be carried out regularly in community. Health education should be given to them to prevent diabetic foot.