中国对外援助的战略分析

The Strategic Analysis of Chinese Foreign Aid

随着中国经济快速发展以及国际地位的增强,中国对外援助的资金、规模、范围与地域不断扩大。中国对外援助在促进共同发展、构建更加平等均衡的新型全球发展伙伴关系领域的作用日益凸显。对外援助日渐成为中国经济资源与权力转化为影响力与软权力的政策手段和治国方略,受到国内社会大众、国内外学者与政策实践者的关注。中国对外援助意在推动发展中国家民生事业发展,促进发展中国家共同发展,与国家战略目标、战略能力等密切相关。然而中国学者并未足够重视对外援助与战略目标、战略能力之间的相互作用,因而作者试图以战略概念和视角思考中国对外援助战略目标的内涵,涉及发展领域的战略关切、安全利益与发展利益之间的平衡等因素。中国政策实践者需要将对外援助与战略目标密切结合起来,凸显对外援助的战略意义,提升对外援助集中、决策、协调、规划、动员等战略能力,平衡不同利益诉求与地区战略布局的轻重缓急,围绕和平发展的大战略目标促进共同发展并且增强中国对外援助的战略有效性与国际责任角色。

With the rapid development of Chinese economy and growing international responsibility,the funds,scales,spheres and regions of Chinese foreign aid have beencontinuously expanding.Chinese foreign aid has played an ever-increasingly important role in promoting common development and constructing a more equal and balanced partnership of global development.Foreign aid increasingly becomes a policy instrument and statecraft in transforming Chinese economic resources and power into influence and soft power,and draws the attention of domestic people,foreign and Chinese scholars and policy practitioners.The goal of Chinese foreign aid is to improve people's well-being in developing countries and to promote common development in friendly developing countries,and Chinese foreign aid should be closely related to strategic objectives and strategic capabilities.However,Chinese researchers don't pay proper attention to the interaction between foreign aid and strategic objectives and capabilities.Thus,the author is to examine the implications of strategic objectives of Chinese foreign aid from the perspective of strategic conceptions,such as the strategic concerns in development,the balance between security interests and development interests.Chinese policy practitioners need to seriously combine foreign aid with strategic objectives,highlight the strategic implications of foreign aid,enhance the strategic capabilities of mobilization,concentration,decision,coordination and planning in foreign aid,balance different interest demands and priorities of regional strategic distribution,promote common development in the light of the grand strategy of peaceful development and enhance the strategic effectiveness and the role of international responsibility of Chinese foreign aid.