鲍曼不动杆菌的院内感染及耐药性分析

Analysis of nosocomial infection and drug resistance of Bauman Acinetobacter

目的了解鲍曼不动杆菌院内感染现状及其对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药情况，以指导临床合理有效应用抗生素。方法对2009～2011年深圳市龙岗中心医院鲍曼不动杆菌临床分离情况及其药敏试验进行统计分析。结果132株鲍曼不动杆菌主要来源于痰、咽拭子、分泌物及尿液。鲍曼不动杆菌分布居前3位的科室依次为重症监护（ICU）病房、呼吸内科和泌尿外科，其他病区有散在分布。鲍曼不动杆菌对常用抗生素的耐药率从低到高依次为亚胺培南、氨苄西林／舒巴坦、美罗培南、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、头孢曲松钠。结论鲍曼不动杆菌在ICU分布最多，且对抗菌药物的耐药性十分严重，院内感染部位主要为呼吸道，提示严格控制抗生素的使用种类和时间，是防止耐药菌株产生的关键。

Objective To understand the nosocomial infection status and clinical antibiotic resistance of Bauman Acinetobacter, in order to guide clinical rational and effective use of antibiotics. Methods Clinical separation conditions and its drug sensitivity test of Bauman Acinetobacter in Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen City from 2009 to 2011 were analyzed statistically. Results 132 strains of Bauman Acinetobacter mostly derived from sputum, throat swabs, secretion and urine. Departments that Bauman Acinetobacter distribution ranked in the top 3 were intensive care unit （ICU）, respiratory medicine and urinary surgery, other departments had scattered distribution. The resistance rates of commonly used antibiotic from high to low were Imipenem, Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Meropenem, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Ceftriaxone Sodiums. Conclusion Bauman Acinetobaeter mostly distributes in ICU, and it has serious drug resistance to antibacterial agents, respiratory tract is the major nosocomial infection site, which indicates that strict control of antibiotic use type and time is the key for preventing drug-resistant strains.