杭州市地闪分布和雷电灾害特征

Characteristics of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Flashes and Lightning Disaster in Hangzhou

利用2010年、2011年浙江省雷电监测定位系统获取的闪电定位资料,分析了杭州市地闪分布和雷电灾害特点。分析表明：地闪日数区域分布从东北到西南逐渐增加,杭州大部分地区属于多雷区;7月、8月是杭州地闪的高发期,地闪高发期的发生时间与初雷日相关性较弱;午后到前半夜为地闪相对集中发生时段,16~17点为地闪高发时段;地闪密度从西南向东北呈＂两头高中间低＂的分布特征,上城区和萧山区地闪密度最大。雷电灾害分布与全年地闪分布情况基本一致,雷电灾害城乡区域性特点明显,农村人员伤亡概率明显高于城市人员伤亡概率,城市雷电灾害起数远高于农村,主要是办公电子设备和工业电器等设施的损坏。

The characteristics of the cloud-to-ground(CG) lightning flashes and lightning disaster in Hangzhou are researched,based on the lightning location data detected by Zhejiang lightning position determination and monitoring system of 2010 and 2011.The results have indicated that,the number of CG lightning flashes days gradually increases from northeast to southwest,most areas in Hangzhou are heavy lightning area;July and August are the peak period of CG lightning flashes in Hangzhou,the occurrence time of the peak period has little relevance to the initial lightning day;From afternoon to midnight are the relatively concentrated period of CG lightning flashes,and from 16:00 to 17:00 is the peak time;The CG lightning flashes density of southwest and northeast areas are high,middle low,Shangchen district and Xiaoshan district's are more than the other districts'.The distribution of lightning disaster is essentially consistent with the distribution of CG lightning flashes all the year,the lightning disasters have obvious regional characteristics in urban and rural area,rural area injury and death rate probability is significantly higher than urban,urban lightning disasters are more than rural areas',and it mainly damages office electronic equipments and industrial electrical equipments.