小麦秸秆焚烧对土壤有机质及微生物和玉米产量的影响

Effects of crops straw burning on soil organic matter,soil microbes and Mean grain yield

选取不同秸秆量焚烧后的耕层土壤为对象,研究秸秆焚烧对土壤有机质和微生物的影响,并探讨秸秆焚烧量与土壤有机质和微生物之间的相关性。结果表明:(1)秸秆焚烧对土壤有机质和微生物的影响主要集中在0～5 cm表层土壤中,5 cm以下影响较小。焚烧造成表层土壤有机质含量下降10.72%～17.08%,真菌数量下降43.68%～74.43%,放线菌数量下降49.32%～74.83%,细菌数量下降58.93%～81.44%。同时还造成下茬玉米产量下降7.04%～20.63%,地上生物量下降9.23%～18.76%。(2)秸秆焚烧量与土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量之间呈显著负相关关系,秸秆焚烧量与土壤有机质、玉米产量和地上生物量呈极显著负相关关系。

Topsoil of different straw burning quantity was studied to investigate the effects of straw burning on organic matter and microbe of topsoil,and to discuss the correlations between straw burning quantity and organic matter and microbe of topsoil.Results showed that：（1） effects of straw burning were mainly exerted in the 0～5 cm top soil while only small effects were investigated in the soil depths below 5cm,and straw burning reduced organic matter,fungi,actinomyces,bacteria,corn output and overground biomass in the topsoil by the mean of 10.72%～17.08%,43.68%～74.43%,49.32%～74.83%,58.93%～81.44%,7.04%～20.63% and 9.23%～18.76% respectively;（2） Straw burning quantity has significantly negative correlations with bacteria,fungi and actinomyces in the topsoil,while has significantly positive correlations with organic matter,corn output and overground biomass in the topsoil.