创业导向有助于提升企业绩效吗——基于创业导向型企业高管胜任特征的中介效应

Will Entrepreneurial Orientation Help to Improve Corporate Performance: A Study Based on the Mediating Effect of Competency of Top Managers in Entrepreneurial-oriented Companies

创业导向与企业绩效关系的讨论一直是创业研究领域的热门话题,本文以创业导向型企业的高管胜任特征作为中介变量,通过规范的实证研究过程,揭示其对创业导向与企业绩效关系的影响路径与作用机制。研究发现,创业导向整体的确可以提升企业的绩效水平,而这种对企业绩效的正向促进作用主要是通过创新性和先行性两个维度得以体现;创业导向型企业的高管胜任特征对企业绩效产生正向的影响,这一发现从结果变量的角度验证了本文构建的高管胜任特征量表的有效性;创业导向型企业的高管胜任特征在创业导向整体与企业绩效的关系中起到部分中介作用,在创新性与企业绩效的关系中起到完全中介作用,在先行性与企业绩效的关系中起到部分中介作用。基于以上发现,本文进行了分析讨论并给出了对管理实践的启示,试图为解释中国企业的创业战略决策提供理论依据与实证支持。

The study of the relationship between entrepreneurial ori- entation and corporate performance has been a hotspot in the field of entrepreneurship researches. As known to all, enterprise entrepreneur- ship behavior often makes top managers meet some new circumstances which are unexpected. At this time, enterprises need to make new responses which are not included in existing traditional muster. Therefore, competency of top managers in entrepreneurial-oriented compa- nies becomes influence path and mechanism between entrepreneurial orientation and corporate performance and existing researches have not discussed this issue from the above aspect. On the basis of organi- zational behavior theory, taking competency of top managers as a me- diating variable, influence path and mechanism are revealed between entrepreneurial orientation and corporate performance by the process of normative empirical study. The results are as follows： Firstly, compe- tency of top managers in entrepreneurial-oriented companies is made up of 4 dimensions, which are the business features, the conceptual features, the interpersonal features and the internal driven features; and 15 competency elements are included in the above dimensions. Second- ly, entrepreneurial orientation improves corporate performance indeed and the positive influence represents mainly through two dimensions, which are innovation and antecedence. Thirdly, competency of top managers has a positive influence on corporate performance, which verifies the effectiveness of competency model of top managers from the aspect of dependent variable. Finally, competency of top managers has a partial mediating influence on the relationship between entrepre- neurial orientation and corporate performance, a complete mediating influence on innovation and corporate performance, and a partial mediating influence on antecedence and corporate performance. Based on the above, the related results are discussed in the aspect of theory and enlightenments of management practices are put forward, which helps to provide the theoretical basis and empirical support for explaining entrepreneurial strategy in Chinese corporate in order to improve the corporate performance constantly.