废旧橡胶粉与木材纤维复合材料的热压工艺

Hot Pressing Technology of Waste Rubber Powder and Wood Fiber Composites

以废旧橡胶粉和木材纤维为原料,选择三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂为胶黏剂,经热压工艺制备废旧橡胶粉—木材纤维复合材料。选取热压温度、热压时间、施胶量、橡胶粉量为影响因子,通过正交试验研究复合材料的力学性能;同时探讨了分别采用酸、碱、紫外线及湿气老化、双氧水改性橡胶粉对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:热压温度170℃、热压时间7 min、施胶量14%、橡胶粉量20%时废旧橡胶粉—木材纤维复合材料的力学性能最好;碱改性橡胶粉制得复合材料的力学性能及疏水性能最好,力学性能达到中密度纤维板国家标准。

An experiment was conducted to make the composites of waste rubber powder and wood fiber by hot pressing with the waste rubber powder and wood fiber as materials and melamine-modified urea-formaldehyde resin as adhesive. Taking hotpress temperature, hot-press time, the ratio of adhesive and rubber powder content as factors, the mechanical properties of composites was investigated by orthogonal experimental design. We also probed the influence of modified rubber powder to composites in acid, alkali, ultraviolet light, moisture and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. The best mechanical properties for the composites of wood fiber and rubber powder is under the condition of 170 ℃ for hot-press temperature, 7 min for hot-press time, 14% of adhesives consumption and 20% of rubber powder content. The composites of wood fiber and alkali modified rubber powder are best in the mechanical properties and hydrophobicity. The mechanical properties accord with the national standards of medium density fiberboard.