1,3-双癸基甘油醚乙氧基化物的合成与性能研究

Study on synthesis and properties of 1,3-didecyl glyceryl ether ethoxylates

以癸醇、环氧氯丙烷以及环氧乙烷为原料,合成了双烷基型非离子表面活性剂1,3-双癸基甘油醚乙氧基化物(diC10GE-EOn)。中间产物1,3-双癸基甘油醚(diC10GE)经红外、核磁和质谱检验证明为目标化合物。diC10GE-EOn(n=6.5～12.5)具有优良的表面活性,25℃下cmc为7.50×10-7～1.24×10-6mol·L-1,在空气/水界面上的饱和吸附量大于1.0×10-9mol.cm-2,分子截面积小于0.16 nm2。diC10GE-EO6.5具有良好的亲油性,通过与羧基甜菜碱类两性表面活性剂复配,其中diC10GE-EO6.5的摩尔分数为0.4,在总表面活性剂质量分数为0.05%～0.50%时可使大庆四厂原油/地层水平衡界面张力降到10-3mN.m-1数量级,无需添加任何碱、中性电解质或助表面活性剂。

A series of double chain nonionic surfactants, 1,3 -didecyl glyceu1 ether ethoxylates （diCl0GE - EO,） were synthesized by reaction of decanol with epichlorobydrin followed by reaction with ethylene oxide. The molecular structure of the intermediate, 1,3 - didecyl glyceryl ether （ diCl0 GE ）, was characterized by IR, 1HMNR and LC -MS spectra. The diC10 GE -EO,, （n = 6.5 -12. 5） prepared display excellent surface activities as indicated by their low cmc, between 7.50 × 10-7 and 1.24 × 10-6 mol L^-1, as well as high saturated adsorption,Г∞ 〉 1.0 × 10-9 mol · cm-2 ,and small molecular cross section area,a∞ 〈0. 16 nm2 at air/water interface. With good lipophilicity, the diCl0 GE - EO6.5 , blended with amphoteric surfactant of carboxyl betaine kind with mole fraction of the diC10GE -EO6.5 of 0. 4 in the blended surthctants and dosage of total surfactant at 0. 05% --0. 50% mass fraction,can reduce equilibrium interfacial tension between crude oil and connate water at Daqing Oilfield Plant No. 4 to an order of magnitude of 10-3 mN · m ^-1 without addition of any alkali or neutral electrolyte or any co -surfactant.