不同有机肥对‘红花大金元’生长及产量产值的影响

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizers on Growing,Yield and Output Value of 'Honghuadajinyuan'

为给保山‘红花大金元’合理施用有机肥提供理论依据,研究了菜籽饼、农家肥、秸秆3种有机肥不同施用量对‘红花大金元’生长发育和产质量的影响。结果表明:从烟株长势上看,农家肥处理随着用量的增加长势减弱;秸秆处理在前期生长长势较差,但随着生育期推进,现蕾期以后随着秸秆施用量的增加,烟株长势增强;菜籽饼处理不同用量之间烟株长势在各生育期差别不明显。从经济性状比较,处理间产量差异显著,而产值、均价和上等烟比率差异不显著。农家肥处理随着施用量的增加,产量产值有降低的趋势,但上等烟比率和均价呈增加趋势;而菜籽饼处理的经济性状随施肥量的增加,先增加后降低;秸秆处理产量较低,但均价较高,产值收益明显低于对照处理。综上所述,在保山地区‘红花大金元’品种每公顷施菜籽饼150～300kg,或农家肥7500～15000kg,产值产量收益较好。

This test was carried out in Baoshan in order to provide theoretical references for the organic fertilizer applying properly. The effect of three kinds of organic fertilizers （oil cake, farm manure and straw stalk） and the different amount of application on growing, yield and output value of ＇Honghuadajinyuan＇ was researched. The results showed that： the growth vigor was weakened with the amount of farm manure increased. Using straw stalk was not good in the prior period, but with the amount increasing, the growth vigor was enhanced after budding stage. Meanwhile the differences in growing vigor of different amount of oil cake were not significant. Compared in economical character, there were significant differences of yield between different treatments, but opposite to output value, average price and rate of first class of flue-cured tobacco. Yield and output value showed a trend of reducing with the amount of farm manure increasing, but average price and rate of first class of flue-cured tobacco increased. However as the increasing of amount of oil cake the economical characters increased at the beginning but reduced after. The effect of different amounts of straw stalk showed low yield and high average price. Compared to compound fertilizer output value of straw stalk was lower obviously. In a word, the economical characters were batter with using oil cake 150-300 kg/hm2 and using farm manure 7500- 15000 kg/hm2.