角接触球轴承动刚度的实验研究

Experimental Analysis for Dynamic Stiffness of Angular Contact Ball Bearings

为了得到角接触球轴承动刚度,提出了角接触球轴承动刚度的测试方法。采用调节预紧力、转速的方式分析了不同工况对角接触球轴承动刚度的影响,并且运用Romax软件对不同预紧力、转速下的角接触球轴承-主轴系统进行了仿真实验,实验和仿真结果一致,在预紧力不超过500N时,角接触球轴承动刚度与预紧力正相关。实验结果表明,角接触球轴承动刚度随着预紧力的增大而变大,当预紧力达到一定程度时,动刚度随预紧力的变化较小,在转速为3 000r/min时,实验所用轴承的最佳预紧力为500N,轴承动刚度最大。因此,通过对角接触球轴承预紧力的调节,能够使轴承工作在最佳状态,从而改善了角接触球轴承的服役性能。

The dynamic stiffness of angular contact ball bearings exerts an important impact to the dynamic characteristics of spindle system.To obtain the dynamic stiffness of angular contact ball bearings under different conditions,the test strategy for dynamic stiffness of the angular contact ball bearings is introduced.A test-bed simulating the actual machine tool spindle is constructed to measure the bearings dynamic stiffness,and the preload and speed are analyzed.The angular contact ball bearings-spindle system is simulated by software Romax under the corresponding experimental conditions,and the simulation result coincides with the experiments well.It is revealed that the dynamic stiffness of angular contact ball bearings becomes larger with the increasing preload at 3 000 r/min,and the optimum preload to the bearings gets to 500 N.Adjusting the preload of the angular contact ball bearings facilitates controlling the working status of bearings,thus improving the service performance.