中国古代蹴鞠衰落与英国现代足球兴起之深层审视

The In-depth Reflection on the Decline of Cu-Ju Game in Ancient China and the Emergence of Modern Football Game in Great Britain

利用文献综述法、史料分析法、比较法,从体育项目的社会认可度、体制宽容度、传承机制和推广平台这4个方面,深入对比研究中国古代蹴鞠的衰落和英国现代足球的兴起背后的深层原因,即2项运动在各自发展的轨迹中,当时中英2国官方所持的不同态度,2个项目自身的传承与交流机制上的显著差异,以及二者在竞技形式上的本质差异,最终导致了2项运动不同的命运走向。中国古代蹴鞠运动的衰落和英国现代足球运动的兴起并非历史的偶然,一项传统体育运动项目的发展与繁荣离不开相当规模的体育人口的长期支撑;但隐藏在庞大参与群体表象背后却有4个不容忽视的重要因素,即同一历史时期人们对该项运动的正面社会认同度、该项运动得以生存发展的制度保障框架,该项运动得以良性传承的开放性机制和该项运动朝向大众化发展的推广交流平台。

The methods of literature review,historical analysis and comparison have been adopted to analyze the deep reasons behind the decline of Cu-Ju game in Ancient China and emergence of modern football game in Great Britain from the four aspects of sports social recognition,system tolerance,inheritance mechanism and promotion platform.During the two games in their respective development trajectory,the different attitudes held by Chinese and British officials,the significant difference of two games in their own heritage and exchange mechanism,as well as the essential differences of two in the competition forms eventually led to the two games of different fate.The decline of Cu-Ju game in ancient China and emergence of modern football game in Great Britain is not a historical accident,a traditional sports event development and prosperity is inseparable from the considerable size of the sports population of long-term support.However,hidden in huge groups participating in the idea behind are four important factors,that same history period people to the sport of positive social identity,the game of the existence and development of system security framework,the game can be benign heritage open mechanism and the game towards the popularization development promotion platform.