民族志与批评话语分析

批评话语分析与民族志的结合已成为一个前沿性的方法论创新。本文将梳理这一结合的话语风格与理论基础。通过综述这一发展趋势中的各种研究案例,我们从三个方面重点展现民族志研究策略是如何丰富批判话语分析的,这包括:田野作为研究对象和语境化方式,语料收集途径,以及学术话语的书写风格。基于中国传统史学视角,我们探讨了一种中国本土的民族志视角,考察语言记录与行动描写之间应是如何相互促进和补充,以达到言与行两者的动静平衡、阴阳互动。我们相信通过吸纳民族志,批评话语分析研究风格将变得更加开放和具有文化敏感性,使其能对更加广泛的社会、文化和历史问题展开研究。

The main purpose of Critical Discourse Analysis （CDA） is to study the social interaction between people ,by un- covering the meaning of ideology and power relations, which are hidden in discourses. Although this approach to discourse analy-sis has emerged and developed for only about 30 years, it has extended its influence to almost every field of discourse study. This paper intends to make a brief review of the goal, methodol- ogy,problems and recent trends of CDA, so as to promote its further development within this country.