2006～2011年广州市花都区狂犬病暴露疫苗接种及狂犬病疫情分析

Analysis of rabies vaccination and rabies outbreaks from 2005 to 2008 in Huadu District,Guangzhou

目的通过分析花都区狂犬病疫情,了解犬伤的流行病学特征和狂犬疫苗的免疫效果,为制定狂犬病防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集2006～2011年花都区犬伤医学门诊狂犬病暴露人群的就诊及发病疫情登记资料,采用Excel软件进行整理分析。结果 2006～2011年,花都区犬伤医学门诊共登记狂犬病暴露77 333例,以犬伤为主,占80.34%(62130例)。男性占55.00%(42 530例),女性占45.00%(34 803例);暴露人群以0～、30～岁年龄组所占比例较高,分别为25.32%(19 578例)和26.61%(20 580例),60～年龄组暴露最低,占10.05%(7 775例)。咬伤部位主要是上、下肢,占84.72%(65 515例);每月均有暴露者发生,7～10月份略高于其他月份。就诊暴露者伤口得到及时和正确处理的占94.07%,疫苗注射率达100%。2006年和2008年各出现1例狂犬病病例,发病者伤口均未作正确处理、未注射疫苗。结论狂犬病暴露者以犬伤为主,及时、正确处理伤口和接种疫苗可有效预防狂犬病。

Objective To describe the epidemiologic characteristics of exposure to rabies and the effect of vaccines in Huadu District in order to provide a scientific basis for rabies control Methods Excel was used to sort and analyze re cords of rabies outbreaks in Huadu District from 2006 to 2011. Results From 2006 to cases of rabies exposure registered with clinics in the Huadu district. Most were due to 2011, there wer dog bites, which 80. 340/00 of the cases （62,130）. Men accounted for 55.00% of patients（42,530 cases）while （34,803 cases）. The populations most affected were 0-1 year old （25.32%, 19,578 cases） 20,580 cases）. The area of the bite was mostly on the arms or legs （84.72~/oo, 65,515 case dividuals exposed each month was slightly higher in July to October than in other months. exposed, 94.07 ~/00 were seen promptly and treated correctly. The rate of vaccination was 10 e 77,333 tota accounted for 45.0 s）. The Of those years old （26.6l average number of in There was 1 case of rab es in both 2006 and 2008. Neither individual was treated correctly, and neither individual was vaccinated. Conclusion Most people are exposed to rabies via dog bites. Correct treatment of the wound in a prompt manner and vaccination are effective at preventing and controlling rabies.