高频超声对乳腺肿块微钙化的检测及其临床意义

Detection and clinical significance of high-frequency ultrasound in breast lump microcalcifications

目的探讨高频超声对乳腺肿块中微钙化的检测价值及临床意义。方法对48例乳腺肿块患者术前进行高频超声检查,术后经病理检查证实23例为恶性肿瘤,25例为良性肿瘤,观察分析乳腺肿块钙化类型与肿块良、恶性的关系,同时对不同年龄患者肿块微钙化检出率进行比较。结果恶性乳腺肿瘤以微钙化灶多见,且微钙化灶多呈簇状分布,良性乳腺肿瘤微钙化检出率明显低于恶性组(P<0.05),而粗钙化及弧形钙化灶比例明显高于恶性乳腺肿瘤,但粗钙化检出率在两组患者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。良性组中≤45岁者微钙化5例(29.41%),>45岁者12例(70.59%),恶性组中≤45岁者微钙化14例(63.64%),>45岁者8例(36.36%),恶性组中≤45岁者微钙化检出率均明显高于良性组,>45岁者微钙化检出率明显低于良性组(χ2=4.50,P<0.05)。结论高频超声检查对乳腺肿块内微钙化的检出已成为可能,超声显示簇状分布微钙化灶对乳腺癌的诊断具有重要临床意义。

Objective To investigate the detection value and clinical significance of high -frequency ultrasound in breast lump mi- crocalcifications. Methods Preoperative high - frequency ultrasound was used to examine 48 cases of breast lumps, postoperative pathologi- cal examination confirmed 23 cases of which were malignant tumors and 25 were benign tumors, the relationship between calcification type and the benign and malignant breast lumps was observed and analysed. Meanwhile, the detection rate of lump microcalcifications of patients of different ages was compared, Results Microcalcifications were common in malignant breast tumor, and they were mostly in cluster - like distribution. The detection rate of benign breast tumor microcalcifications was significantly lower than that of the malignant group （P 〈 0.05）, while the proportion of coarse calcification and curved calcification was significantly higher than that of malignant breast tumors, but there was no significant difference in coarse calcification detection rate between the two groups of patients （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Microcalcifications were detected in 5 cases （29.41%） in benign group ≤ 45 years of age, 12 cases （70.59%） in benign group 〉 45 years, 14 cases （63.64%） in malignant group ≤45 years of age, and 8 cases （36.36%） in malignant group 〉 45 years of age. The detection rate of mi- crocalcifications in malignant group ≤45 years of age was significantly higher than that of the benign group, and the detection rate of micro- calcifications in malignant group 〉 45 years of age was significantly lower than that of the benign group （X^2 = 4.50, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The high - frequency ultrasound detection of microcalcifications in the breast lumps has become possible to display the distribution of clus- tered microcalcifications, and ultrasound diagnosis of breast cancer has important clinical significance.