专利获取、专利保护、专利商业化与技术创新绩效的作用机制研究

Study on action mechanism between patent acquisition,patent protection, patent commercialization and technological innovation performance

专利在企业生产经营中的重要性日益显现,其作用已从防御性手段转变成战略性工具。通过对118家高新技术企业363份有效问卷调查数据,从资源观的视角,运用结构方程模型实证研究企业专利获取、专利保护、专利商业化与技术创新绩效的作用机制,并重点探讨专利商业化的中介效应。结果表明:专利获取对专利保护、专利商业化具有显著的正向影响,专利保护对专利商业化具有显著的正向影响;专利获取、专利保护、专利商业化与技术创新绩效均具有显著的正向影响;专利商业化在专利获取与技术创新绩效之间起部分中介作用,而在专利保护与技术创新绩效之间则具有完全中介作用。本研究结论不仅拓展了专利管理与技术创新绩效的理论研究领域,同时为我国高新技术企业在开放式创新环境下通过有效的专利管理提升技术创新绩效提供实践指导。

The role of patents has changed from defensive tool into strategic tool in high - tech enterprises ; thus, patents are be- coming more and more important in the operation of enterprises. According to the 363 valid samples collected from 118 high - tech enterprises, from the resource - based view and by use of the structural equation model, this paper explores empirically the action mechanism between enterprises＇ patent acquisition （PA）, patent protection （PP） , patent commercialization （PC） and technological innovation performance （TIP）, and then examines the mediating roles of PC between PA, PP and TIP. The re- search results show that PA has a positive effect on PP and PC; PP has a-positive effect on PC; and PA, PP and PC all have a positive effect on TIP; while PC plays a partial mediating effect on the relationship between PA and TIP and PC plays a complete mediating effect on the relationship between PP and TIP. This study not only expands the academic research fields on patent and TIP, but also provides practical underpinning to the enhancement of TIP in high - tech enterprises through committing targeted patent management under open innovation.