精英俘获与财政扶贫项目目标偏离的研究

Elite Capture and Deviations of Objectives of Poverty Alleviation Projects

财政扶贫项目的目标偏离是多重因素综合作用的结果。从宏观层面研究认为,管理与制度的漏洞和不足是主要原因,但这些解释并不充分。从微观层面看,精英俘获的出现是财政扶贫项目目标偏离的关键原因。项目区域内外力量的互动与合力、参与式发展悖论的存在、农村社会分化及精英角色转变、发展项目信息与参与权力的不均衡配置和发展项目的门槛效益是导致项目区域内精英俘获出现的重要原因。扶贫项目目标偏离的问题须在克服精英俘获现象的前提下才能得到解决。

Deviation of objectives of poverty alleviation projects and funds is the result of combination of multiple factors, The study from the macro level takes vulnerabilities and shortcomings of related governance and systems as the main rea-sons of this situation, but these interpretations are not fully. From the micro-level, the emergence of elite capture is the key to bring about objective deviation of poverty alleviation projects. The important causes that lead to the emer-gence of elite capture in the project area are as follows： outside and inside factors＇ interaction and joint efforts within the project region, paradox of participatory development, social differentiation in rural area and the change of role the elites have played, imbalance of project information and participatory power and threshold effect of development pro-ject. Issues of objective deviation of poverty alleviation projects and funding cannot be overcomed unless elite capture can be resolved.