上海大莲湖湿地和江湾湿地沉积物特性对比评价

Sediment Characteristics Evaluation of Dalian Lake and Jiangwan Wetlands in Shanghai

以上海大莲湖湿地和江湾湿地的沉积物为研究对象,分别在2011年4月、8月、11月采集沉积物,测定沉积物的pH值、密度、含水率、有机质、总氮(total nitrogen,TN)、总磷(total phosphorus,TP)、速效氮、速效磷.结果表明,大莲湖湿地沉积物的有机质含量(38.96～120.19 g/kg)>江湾湿地(20.74～94.64 g/kg),大莲湖湿地的TN含量(13.25～26.93 g/kg)>江湾湿地(5.73～13.56 g/kg),大莲湖湿地的速效氮占总氮的比例(3.28%)>江湾湿地(1.62%),大莲湖湿地的速效磷占总磷的比例(3.88%)>江湾湿地(2.57%).沉积物理化指标相关性分析和主成分分析结果表明,大莲湖湿地沉积物密度与有机质、有机质与速效氮分别呈极显著相关性.江湾湿地与大莲湖湿地沉积物的养分含量对比结果显示,大莲湖湿地沉积物比江湾湿地更有利于湿地植物的生长和生态系统的恢复.

Sediments＇ physicochemical properties of two urban wetlands in Shanghai, Jiangwan and Dalian Lake, were investigated, including density, sediment moisture content, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, available nitrogen, and available phosphorus. Sediment samples were collected and analyzed in April, August and November, 2011. The results show that sediment organic matters, TN and available nitrogen, phosphorus contents in Dalian Lake wetland were higher than those of Jiangwan wetland. Sediment organic matter contents： Dalian Lake wetland （38.96-120.19 g/kg）〉Jiangwan wetland （20.74- 94.64 g/kg）. TN： Dalian Lake wetland （13.25-26.93 g/kg）〉Jiangwan wetland （5.73-13.56 g/kg）. Available nitrogen accounted for the proportion of total nitrogen： Dalian Lake wetland （3.28%）〉Jiangwan wetland （1.62%）. Available phosphorus accounted for the proportion of total phosphorus： Dalian Lake wetland （3.88%）〉 Jiangwan wetland （2.57%）. The results show that the development of Dalian Lake wetland sediment is more stable than Jiangwan wetland. Therefore, Dalian Lake wetland is more suitable to the local ecosystem recovery and healthy development.