广西地区人工驯繁猕猴、食蟹猴胃肠道寄生虫感染情况的初步调查

Investigation on Gastrointestinal Parasites in Captive-bred Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis in Guangxi

目的了解广西人工驯养、自繁非人灵长类实验动物（猕猴、食蟹猴）胃肠道寄生虫感染情况，为制定防治策略提供参考依据。方法根据驯繁场的常规饲养管理设置，将猴群分为生长猴群、繁殖猴群、检疫猴群三类，于2008～2012年间采集广西区内六家驯繁场共784份粪样，同时采用直接涂片法、饱和食盐水漂浮法、醛．醚沉淀法对粪样进行处理后镜检。结果猴胃肠道寄生虫总感染率为72．4％。共检查出原虫5类分别为：阿米巴原虫、人毛滴虫、贾第虫、结肠小袋纤毛虫及球虫：线虫5类分别为：鞭虫、类圆线虫、泡翼线虫、食道口线虫、卷口线虫；绦虫2类分别为膜壳绦虫、司氏伯特绦虫；以及吸虫1类、粉螨1类。生长猴群感染胃肠道寄生虫的种类最少，检疫猴群感染种类多，繁殖猴群则介于两种猴群之间。其中生长猴群与繁殖猴群肠道原虫的感染率相对较高，以阿米巴原虫与结肠小袋纤毛虫的感染为主。结论此次调查结果显示生活史简单的原虫以及驱虫药驱杀效果不佳的土源性线虫已成为危害广西驯繁非人灵长类实验动物的主要虫种，可作为防控依据：而部分检出虫种可作为人兽共患寄生虫病病原体，因此在防范人与猴群之间的疾病传播中具有重要的公共卫生意义。

Objective To understand the infection status of gastrointestinal parasites in captive-bred non-human primates （Macaca mulatta and Macacafascicularis） in Guangxi, and provide basis for pre- vention and control strategies. Methods The monkeys were divided into three groups, the growth group, the breeding group, and the quarantine group. Totally 784 fresh feces samples from M. mulatta and M.fascicularis were collected at six monkey shelters in Guangxi, during 2008-2012. The direct smear method （DS）, saturation salt solution float method （SSF） and formaldehyde-ether precipitation method （FEP） were used for fecal parasite examination under the microscope. Results The total infection rate was 72.4% among 784 sample. Five protozoan species Ameoba, Trichomonas sp., Giardia sp., Balantidium coli and Coccidia）, five species of nematodes（Trichuris sp., Streptopharagus sp., Physa- loptera sp., Oesophagostmum sp. and Strongyloides sp.）, two species of cestodas （Hymenolepis sp. and Bertiella studeri）, one speice of trematoda and one speice of arthropod were identified. The gastrointes- tinal parasites infection of the growth group was possessed of the fewest among three groups, while the quarantine group was the largest. Relatively higher prevalence of protozoan was observed in both the growth monkey group and the breeding group, and the highest infection rate was found in both Amoeba and B.coli. Conclusions The results suggest that the protozoans with simple lifecycle and the soil- transmitted nematodes which are difficult to kill by antihelmintic products nowadays, have become the major parasitic species that does serious harm to the captive-bred monkeys for experiment used in Guangxi. Herein, the infestation status could provide reference for prevention and controling strategies on parasitic disease of monkeys. Some species identified from this study have been considered as the pathogens of zoonose, which will have important public sanitation significances of countermeasure on disease spread between humans and captive-bred monkeys.