铁路路基处理车易磨损件扒掌激光熔覆耐磨强化技术研究

Investigation on Wear Resistance Strengthening Technology by Laser Cladding for Plowing Palms of Formation Rehabilitation Machine

扒掌是路基处理车挖掘链的尖端零件,用于将路基土层耙松并输送到物料处理单元。其工作过程中承受剧烈的磨损,长期依赖进口。对进口扒掌的结构、涂层组织及性能进行测试,完成了失效分析,优化设计了扒掌结构及制造工艺。采用清华大学颗粒增强金属基耐磨材料,完成了激光熔覆国产化样件研制。对样件激光熔覆涂层的组织、硬度及摩擦学性能进行了测试。并在专门开发的工况模拟试验机上将国产化样件与进口件进行了强化对比试验。试验结果表明,采用激光熔覆强化及改进结构的扒掌寿命优于进口部件,成本大幅降低,可替代进口件。

Plowing palms are key parts for excavating chain of Formation Rehabilitation Machine, using for plowing and transferring coarse gravel or crushed rock of railroads. Plowing palms suffer from intense wear, depending on imports for long-term. Structure and manufacture process are redesigned optimally based on failure analysis and tests of structure, metallurgy and performance of coating for imported plowing palms. Prototype parts are manufactured by laser cladding with particulate reinforced metal matrix composite material from Tsinghua University. Test and analysis on metallurgy,hardness and wear resistance performance of coating are proceeded. Contrast wear test between self-manufactured and imported parts are carried out with specially designed testing machine. The results demonstrate that the self-manufactured plowing palms strengthened by laser cladding with optimized structure are far better in performance and lower in price than imported ones.