硬膜外麻醉分娩镇痛降低初产妇会阴侧切率的研究

Study on labor epidural analgesia in reducing lateral episiotomy rate for primipara

目的观察硬膜外麻醉分娩镇痛对降低低危初产妇自然分娩会阴侧切率的效果。方法将100例自然分娩初产妇(单胎头位)按抽签法分成观察组和对照组各50例,对照组予常规分娩期心理护理、使用拉玛泽呼吸减痛法、鼓励采取自由体位等非药物性分娩镇痛方法,观察组在对照组基础上行硬膜外麻醉分娩镇痛;比较两组产妇分娩后会阴情况。结果会阴侧切率观察组24.0%、对照组56.0%,会阴完整率观察组18.0%、对照组4.0%,两组均未出现Ⅲ度会阴裂伤。结论硬膜外麻醉分娩镇痛可明显降低低危初产妇的会阴侧切率。

Objective To observe the effect of maternal epidural analgesia during spontaneous vaginal delivery on reduc-ing rate of lateral episiotomy for natural childbirth primipara. Method Divide 100 natural childbirth primipara （singleton pregnancy） into observation group （n= 50） and control group （n=50） by draw method. Primiparas in control group receive routine psychological nursing during delivery, while Lamaza breath method is guided and non-drug maternal analgesia such as free position is encouraged. Primiparas in observation group receive maternal epidural analgesia based on routine method. Compare condition of perineum after delivery for primiparas in two groups. Result Rate of lateral episiotomy is 24. 0% in observation group and 56.0% in control group. Rate of intact perineum is 18. 0% in observation group and 4. 0% in control group. Conclusion Labor epidural analgesia during delivery can reduce rate of lateral episiotomy for primipara.