儿童变应性鼻炎舌下变应原特异性免疫治疗依从性影响因素分析及防治对策

Discussion on Influential Factors of Pediatric Allergic Rhinitis Desensitization Treatment and its Counter Measures

目的:探讨儿童变应性鼻炎舌下变应原特异性免疫治疗依从性的影响因素及防治对策。方法:采用问卷调查表法,对进行特异性免疫治疗1年以上的85例儿童变应性鼻炎患者进行依从性调查分析。结果:86例患者中完全依从65例,依从性差21例;依从性差的原因分别为治疗效果欠佳6例(28.6%)、症状减轻5例(23.8%)、学习忙碌2例(9.5%)、出现局部或全身反应3例(14.3%)、对疾病认识不够2例(9.5%)、儿童不配合1例(4.8%)、医嘱交代不够清楚2例(9.5%)。结论:影响特异性免疫治疗依从性的因素主要有患者、家庭、医护人员及社会支持等。在免疫治疗过程中,可针对上述相关因素采取一系列对策以提高治疗依从性。

Objective. To evaluate influential factors of pediatric allergic rhinitis desensitization treatment and its counter measures. Methods：Eighty-six patients with allergic rhinitis were treated with immunotherapy. The symptoms, signs and therapeutic effects were assessed with score. Results：Of the 86 patients, there are 65 cases of full compliance, 21 patients with poor compliance; Poor compliance reasons were 6 cases （28.6%） of poor treatment efficiency, symptoms were relieved in 5 cases （23.8%）, 2 cases （9. 5%） for learning busy, 3 cases （14.3%）of local or systemic reactions, inadequate knowledge on disease in 2 cases （9.5%）, 1 cases of children do not match （4.8 % ）, not enough understanding of the method in 2 cases （9.5 % ）. Conclusion：Specific immuno thera- py was sfae and effective for the treatment of allergic rhinitis,while strengthening the health education of patients was needed to im- prove the compliance.