MOOCs的特征及其教学设计原理探析

Exploring the Instructional Design Principles of MOOCs

大规模在线公开课程(MOOCs)是当前教育领域出现的一种新型学习模式。它以学生规模"巨型化"、学生身份的"多元化"和教学模式的"人本化"设计引起了社会各界的广泛关注。MOOCs作为一种区别于传统课堂教学的教学模式,是一种基于学习科学、精心设计的教学模式,是心理学规律和教育学实践相结合的典范之作,就教学设计而言,MOOCs较为综合地运用了学习科学近30年不断倡导的人本化学习、掌握学习、建构主义学习、程序教学及有意义学习等理论原则。本文还指出MOOCs对学校教学可能带来的挑战。

Massive Open Online Courses （MOOCs）, as a new type of learning mode, have drawn great attention to the society by its massive on student scale, diversity on student identity, and person- alized feature on the mode of instruction. Unlike traditional on--campus courses, MOOCs are based on sciences of learning and well designed. They are the prototype of the combination of psychology and pedagogy. MOOCs conform to the theories of personalized learning, mastery learning, constructive learning, programmed learning and meaningful learning which are advocated for the past thirty years, if we look into the latent instruction design. Also, this paper reveals the challenges for school teaching which come with the rising of MOOCs.