2012年云南自然灾害综述与减灾措施探讨

Summary on Natural Disasters in Yunnan in 2012 and Discussion on Disaster Reduction Measures

2012年云南气候异常,自然灾害连续不断,先后遭受低温冰冻、旱灾、地震、滑坡泥石流、洪涝等重特大自然灾害,部分地区灾害叠加、重复受灾,呈现以下特点:地震灾害突出,人员伤亡和损失严重;旱灾影响范围广,受灾程度深;汛期时空分布不均,单点暴雨天气较多,受灾分布点多面广,部分地区灾害叠加。该文对2012年云南主要自然灾害灾情进行了详细描述,从自然环境和地理环境背景两方面分析了云南自然灾害形成和多发原因,并提出相应的减灾措施与对策建议。

Yunnan suffered from climatic anomalies in 2012 and was exposed to continuous natural disasters as cryogenic freezing, drought, earthquake, landslide mud-rock flow and flooding. Disasters in some areas super- imposed and presented the following characteristics： the earthquake disaster is prominent, and the personnel casu- alty and loss are serious; the drought area is broad and the stricken degree is serious; the flood season spatial-tem- poral distribution is uneven, the simple point rainstorm weather is more, stricken distribution is broad, and disas- ters in some areas superimpose. Main natural disaster situations in Yunnan are described in detail, formation and comose reasons of disasters in Yunnan are analyzed from two aspects as natural environment and geographical environment background, and corresponding disaster reduction measures and proposals are put forward.