寡头垄断市场结构的技术创新效应研究——基于伯特兰和古诺均衡分析视角

The Research on the Technology Innovation Effect of the Oligopoly Market

寡头垄断厂商是在垄断形成要素集聚优势和面临外部竞争压力的双重作用下开展技术创新活动的,以价格或产量作为决策变量,不同的决策变量对技术创新的促进作用各有差异,影响厂商开展技术创新的动机。本文以阿吉翁等提出的竞争和逐步创新增长模型为理论工具,基于全国具有寡头垄断特征的6个行业2005-2010年相关指标进行动态面板分析,运用OLS和2SLS两种方法比较研究伯特兰和古诺均衡下不同决策变量对技术创新投入强度的影响。利润指标作为工具变量,分解内生解释变量,并进行两步回归,从而得到一致性估计。研究结论是,跟随厂商技术模仿动机和领导厂商引领技术创新动机都十分强烈,寡头垄断厂商通过价格竞争,实现伯特兰均衡,比通过产量竞争实现古诺均衡更加有利于技术创新,跳跃法技术创新比分步法技术创新能够为厂商增加更多利润。

The thesis is basic on the model of the competition and growth with step - by - step innovation of Aghion, taking 2005 - 2010 relevant indicators from 6 industries which are the oligopoly to conduct dynamic panel analysis,comparatively researches the effect on the technology innovation for the oligopoly firms with the difference decision variables under Bertrand and Cournot equilibrium with OLS and 2SLS methods. The total profit is regarded as the instrumental indicator which decomposes the endogenous explanatory variables,makes the two - step regression with more homogeneity. The main conclusion is that the imitation incentive of the follow firms and the technology innovation incentive of the lead firms are very strong. Bertrand equilibrium which the oligopoly firms compete with each other with price will benefit more to the technology innovation than cournot equilibrium which the firms compete with production, leapfrogging innovation will make firms earning more profit than step - by - step innovation.