不同花色紫茉莉种子萌发及幼苗生长特性研究

Characteristics of Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Mirabilis jalapa with Different Colors

紫茉莉是我国广泛分布的外来入侵植物之一,也是一种常见的庭院花卉,具有丰富的花色。为探索不同花色间种子生物学特性的差异,以4种不同花色紫茉莉种子为材料,通过室内生物测定的方法对不同花色紫茉莉种子的基本特征、种子萌发及幼苗生长特性进行了研究。结果表明,复色紫茉莉种子直径(4.79 mm、4.61 mm)和千粒重(59.29 g)均显著小于白色、黄色和紫红色(p<0.05);紫红色和白色紫茉莉种子的最终萌发率最高,均超过80%,而复色紫茉莉种子的最终萌发率最低,仅为41%;复色紫茉莉幼苗根长(36.15 mm)显著小于其它3种花色幼苗根长(p<0.05),而4种花色幼苗侧根的数量、地上部干质量和总干质量间没有显著差异。不同花色间种子萌发及幼苗生长特性的差异显示了它们之间不同的适应策略。

Mirabilis jalapa is one invasive plant widely distributed in China, also is an usual courtyard flower with abundant colors. The seeds of M. jalapa with different colors as materials, basic characteristics, seed germination and seedling growth were investigated by laboratory bioassays to explore the differences of biologi cal characteristics among them. The results showed that, the diameters （4.79 mm, 4.61 mm） and thousand seed weight （59.29 g） of the seeds for compound color were less than the seeds for white,yellow and purple red significantly （ p 〈 0.05 ） ; the final germination rates of the seeds for white and purple red were the highest （both higher than 80% ） ,but the final germination rate of the seeds for compound color was the lowest （only 41% ） ;seedling root length for compound color （36.15 mm） was significantly less than that of other three colors （ p 〈 0.05 ）, but there was no significant differences among four colors in seedling lateral root number, dry weight of overground part and total weight. The differences of seed germination and seedling growth of the seeds for different colors mean their different adaption strategies.