关系评价对助人行为的影响:自尊的中介和调节作用

The Impact of Relational Evaluation on Helping Behavior: The Role of Self-esteem as a Moderator and Mediator

以自尊的社会计量器理论为基础,以大学生为被试,将问卷法和实验法相结合,研究个体感知到的关系评价对其助人行为的影响,进而探讨特质自尊和状态自尊在此过程中的调节和中介作用。结果表明:(1)关系评价的主效应显著,社会接纳能够增加助人行为,而社会排斥能够减少助人行为;(2)特质自尊在关系评价对助人行为的影响中起调节作用,低特质自尊个体的助人行为更容易受到关系评价的影响,随着特质自尊水平的提高,关系评价的影响作用逐渐减小;(3)在低特质自尊组,状态自尊在关系评价对助人行为的影响过程中起到完全中介的作用。

Sociometer theory of self-esteem was the basic theory in this study. The participants were college students. We used both questionnaires and experimental research methods to investigate the impact of relational evaluation on helping behavior, and the role of trait and state self-esteem in this process. The results were as follows： （1） The main effect of relational evaluation was significant, being accepted could promote one＇s helping behavior, and being exclusion would reduced it. （2） The impact of relational evaluation on helping behavior is moderated by the trait self-esteem. People with low trait self-esteem were more affected by relational evaluation. With the level of trait self-esteem increasing, the relationship between relational evaluation and helping behavior decreases. （3） State self-esteem mediated the relationship between relational evaluation and helping behavior significantly, only in the low trait self-esteem group.