盐池湾自然保护区黄蒿(Artemisia annua)挥发油成分研究

Analysis of composition of essential oil of Artemisia annuain Yanchiwan Natural Reserve

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从盐池湾黄蒿(Artemisia annua)中提取挥发油,分析盐池湾地区不同生长阶段6月(A样品)和7月(B样品)黄蒿挥发油的主要化学成分,利用气相色谱-质谱联用法对其化学成分进行测定,采用归一法计算各组分的含量.从两个不同生长期黄蒿的挥发油中分别鉴定出了21和23种成分,其中相同成分8种.分子式为C15H24的1H-Cycloprop[e]azulene,1a,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7b-octahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-,1aR-(1a.alpha.,4.alpha.,4a.beta.,7b.alpha.)为样品A化学成分中含量最高的单一成分,匹配度达到98%,含量达到11.502%.桉油精(C10H18O)为样品B化学成分中含量最高的单一成分,匹配度达到96%,含量达到7.913%.两个生长阶段的黄蒿虽然其挥发油主要组成部分的种类及含量很相近,但化学成分种类及数量方面存在明显差异.盐池湾地区的黄蒿所检测出的化合物中只有3种与其他产地黄蒿相同,其他化合物均属首次检测到.

The volatile oil was extracted from Artemisia annua by steam distillation, and chemical con- stituents of the oil from different growing periods of A. annua in Yanchiwan Natural Reserve were analyzed by GC-MS. The relative content of each component was determined by area normalization. The results showed that the yield and composition of the essential oil at different growing period were notably varied. There were 8 common components in the identified ones. Cls H2~ was the highest content of composition in essential oil A, the matching degree reached 98 %, and the content reached 11. 502 %. C10 H18 O was the high- est content of composition in essential B, the matching degree reached 96%0, and the content reached 7. 913%. There were only three compounds same as other places. The rest of the compounds were monitored for the first time. It is suggested that the essential oils from different growing periods of A. annua have a different compounds. Although the compounds showed substantially the same from two growth stages, there were some differences in compounds and quantity.