自行车场地全能项目优秀运动员骑行姿态的比较研究

Comparative Study on Body Postures of Elite Cycling Track Omnium Athletes

自行车场地全能项目是2010年新设置的奥运会、全运会竞技体育项目,针对该项目的训练理论研究还未见报道.本文运用高速摄像机结合生物力学解析系统,对全能项目部分优秀运动员骑行姿态进行了解析,掌握了该项目运动员骑行的第一手身体姿态数据,为该项目技术训练提供了理论参考.本文还对运动员骑行影像和解析数据进行了对比分析,发现男女优秀运动员在骑行姿态方面基本趋于一致,但在下肢蹬伸过程中,女运动员的蹬伸幅度要大于男运动员.另外,男女运动员在使用不同车把时,区别主要来自上身姿态和足背与小腿的夹角,且使用弯把比使用附加把身体姿态变化幅度要大,弯把要求运动员有更低的骑行姿态,并且对前脚掌用力要求更高.

Cycling track omnium, which became one of the new Olympic sport items in 2010, is approved by Union Cycliste International. So far relative studies have not been found on the item. High-speed camera was used to take pictures of omnium athletes＇ body postures when they were riding in the game and the pictures analyzed by biomechanics method. By this means, a lot of data have been acquired and theoretical reference for training provided. It has been found that the women athletes have almost the same body postures as the men athletes, while the women athletes have a larger extent than men athletes when women athletes pedaled the bicycle. The difference lies in the upper body posture and the angle between foot back and leg. The crooked handle makes the athletes＇ a larger extent body posture. The athletes give more strength from the front of the feet.