层级反义关系中标记模式的认知分析

Cognitive Analysis of Marking Phenomenon in Gradable Antonymy

层级反义关系表示的是一种语义反对但语势可强可弱的反义关系,在语言的实际运用中,互为此关系的词对的使用频率是不对称的,是有标记性的。以英语中层级反义词词对为语料研究其标记模式,并运用认知语言学中的原型范畴理论、凸显度优先原则以及乐观假说对其进行分析和解释,可以初步揭示语言中标记现象的认知理据。

Gradable antonymy refers to the one that are counter-directional in which one term when intensified denotes a higher value of the relevant property, while the other term when intensified denotes a lower value. The use frequency of the pairs of gradable antonymy is asymmetry and marked. The paper is to take English gradable antonymy pairs as corpus and analyze and interpret their marking phenomenon in terms of prototype theory, the Principle of Salience and Pollyanna Hypothesis in cognitive linguistics, and thus to prove the cognitive motivation in linguistic markedness.