无抗发酵饲料对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群、血液生化指标和免疫性能的影响

Effects of Fermented Feed without Antibiotic on Growth Performance,Intestinal Flora,Blood Biochemical Parameters and Immune Function of Weaner Piglets

本试验旨在研究无抗发酵饲料对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群、血液生化指标和免疫性能的影响。选择平均体重9.5 kg断奶仔猪120头,随机分为4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(含抗生素),试验组分别饲喂用10%、20%、30%无抗发酵饲料替代部分基础饲粮(不含抗生素)配制的试验饲粮。试验期34 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,20%无抗发酵饲料组平均日增重提高了6.37%(P>0.05),料重比降低了5.54%(P>0.05),腹泻率降低了63.63%(P<0.05);20%无抗发酵饲料组前期和中期粪便乳酸菌数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而前期和中期粪便大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);20%无抗发酵饲料组血清碱性磷酸酶活性和葡萄糖、总蛋白、免疫球蛋白G含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而血清尿素氮含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);20%无抗发酵饲料组粗蛋白质和粗纤维表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,无抗发酵饲料能提高仔猪的生长性能,改善肠道微生物平衡,增强免疫能力和消化能力。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermented feed without antibiotic on growth performance, intestinal flora, blood biochemical parameters and immune function of weaner piglets. A total of 120 weaner piglets with an average body weight of 9.5 kg were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 3 replicates per treatment and 10 pigs per replicate. Pigs in control group were fed a basal diet （ with antibiotic）, and pigs in experimental groups were fed the experimental diet with the fermented feed without antibiotic replacing the basal diet of 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively. The experiment lasted for 34 days. The results showed that compared with control group, the average daily gain in 20% fermented feed without antibiotic group was increased by 6.37% （ P 〉 0.05 ）, and the ratio of feed to gain was decreased by 5.54% （ P 〉 0.05 ）, and diarrhea rate was decreased by 63.63 % （P 〈 0.05 ）. The fecal Lactobacillus number in 20 % fermented feed without antibiotic group was significantly higher than that in control group at early and middle stage （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and the fecal Escherichia coli number of fecal was significantly lower than that in control group at early and middle stage （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The activity of alkaline phosphatase and the contents of glucose, total protein, and immunoglobulin G in serum in 20% fermented feed without antibiotic group were significant- ly higher than those in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）, while the serum urea nitrogen content was significantly low- er than that in control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber in 20% fermented feed without antibiotic group was significantly higher than that in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. In conclusion, the fermented feed without antibiotic can improve the growth performance, regulate the balance of intestinal flora and enhance immune function and digestibility of weaner piglets.