中国省际间基础教育服务均等化水平的变化

Changes in China's Inter-provincial Equalization of Basic Education Service

利用主成分分析和聚类分析方法,通过计算变异系数,本文从单项指标和综合指标两个角度分析了省际间基础教育服务均等化水平的变化。单项指标研究结果发现:危房率与生均仪器设备值的不均等化程度排名前两位且呈现恶化的趋势,教育经费的不均等化程度尽管有所下降但依然很高;综合指标分析结果表明:省际间基础教育服务综合水平的均等化程度略有提高,但五类地区省份基础教育的综合发展非常缓慢。因此,实现教育过程的均等与加快五类地区省份基础教育的发展是未来基础教育均等化政策实施的主要方面。

Using the method of principal component analysis and cluster analysis, this paper analyzes the changes in China＇s inter-provincial equalization of basic education service from both single indicator and comprehensive indicators by calculating the coefficient variation. It finds from the single indicator angle： the unequalization of dangerous buildings and average equipments value is ranked in the top two and shows the deteriorating trend, and the unequalization of education funds is still very high despite of the decline trend~ the results based on the comprehensive indicators analysis show that the equalization of provincial comprehensive level of basic education service increases slightly, but the basic education level of the fifth provinces improves slowly. Therefore, achieving education process equalization and accelerating the basic education development of the fifth provinces are the centre to future equalization policy implementation.