我国周边国家资源环境数据库建设的机遇、挑战与方略

The Opportunities, Challenges and Strategies of Resources and Environment Science Database Construction of China's Surrounding Areas

周边国家资源环境数据库建设是气候变化背景下资源环境问题研究和地缘关系宏观决策的基础性任务。我国地缘关系复杂,周边资源环境数据库建设的研究工作与世界发达国家相比相对滞后。然而近2-3年来,科技部、中国科学院、国家开发银行及各个部委先后开展了大洲尺度资源环境数据库构建工作。"推进丝绸之路经济带、海上丝绸之路建设"国家战略的提出,对周边国家资源环境数据库建设提出了更高、更迫切的要求。针对目前我国的基础和需求,我国周边国家资源环境数据库建设在内容上,应当加强面向地缘问题研究和宏观决策的针对性,构建涵盖自然-人文要求的多尺度科学数据库;在信息处理和服务模式上,运用先进成熟的空间信息技术,全方位提升数据服务的能力。

The database construction of resources and environment science of China＇ s surrounding countries is the basic task for resource environment problem research and macro decision-making. The level of database con- struction of resources and environment science of surrounding areas is lower than that of developed countries be-cause of China＇s complex geopolitical relationship with other countries. However, the Ministry of Science and Technology, China Academy of Sciences, the National Development Bank and the various ministries have launched resources and environment science database construction work at global, continental or national scale in the past 2-3 years. The national strategy of promoting economic zone of Silk Road and the Maritime Silk Road Construction puts forward higher, more urgent request to the database construction of resources and envi- ronment science of surrounding areas. This paper firstly provided an overview of the significant requirement of government and scientific research, summarized the most recent developments and ideas in large scale scientific datasets and platforms formed by USA, European Union, and international organizations. Then, the recent prog-ress of the construction of resources and environmental scientific datasets were comprehensive reviewed and the problems existed were discussed. Finally, the general strategies for establishing resources and environmental da- tabase were introduced, including metadata standards design, data quality control, dynamic updating approaches, etc. For the basis and demand of our country, the content of surrounding countries＇ resources and environment science database should highlight geopolitical issues and macroeconomic policy-making researches, and we should construct a database covering both natural sciences and humanities at multi-scales. On the information processing and service mode, we should use advanced and mature space information technology to enhance the services of the data comprehensively.