语段理论下汉语存现句的生成机制研究

A Phase-based Approach to the Generative Mechanism of Chinese Existential Sentences

存现句是一种特殊的句式,具有跨语言的性质,一般认为其下位句型包括存在句与隐现句。对汉语存现句相关问题的研究也一直是国内外生成语言学者研究关注的热门话题,通过对汉语存现句的研究进行回顾,发现以往对汉语存现句的研究大多是在管约论框架下进行的,研究的主要问题包括以下几个方面:1.存现句的生成机制;2.句首处所名词组的语法地位;3.存现动词的性质;4.动词后名词组的赋格问题。其中存现句的生成机制问题是最为根本的问题,生成语言学者对此也是各持己见。本文尝试在语段理论的框架下,对汉语存现句的推导生成做尝试性探究,力图寻求汉语存现句统一的生成机制。

The existential sentence is a special construction with cross-language properties, whose subordinate sentence pattern con- sists of existence sentence and fugitive sentence. The study of Chinese existential sentences has also long been the hot issue which cat- ches linguistic scholars＇ attention. Through the literature review of studies of Chinese existential sentences we find that most of them are done within the framework of GB theory and these studies mainly include the following issues： 1. the generative mechanism of Chinese existential sentences~ 2. the grammatical status of the locative NP; 3. the unaccusativity of existential verbs~ 4. the case of the postverbal NP. Among these issues the generative mechanism of Chinese existential sentences is the fundamental one. And this paper will make an attempt to explore a principled generative mechanism of Chinese existential sentences within the framework of phase theory in order to find out the universal generative mechanism of the Chinese language.