金融发展、人力资本投入与缩小城乡收入差距——基于中国西部地区40个区县的经验研究

Financial Development,Human Capital and Reducing of Urban-Rural Income Gap:Based on the Empirical Data of 40 Counties in Western China

选取中国西部地区40个区县2001—2011年的经济数据,通过建立面板数据模型分析金融发展、人力资本投入与城乡收入差距的关系。实证结果显示:整体上看,金融发展水平的提升和人力资本投入的增加均有利于缩小城乡收入差距,但同时也存在明显的区域性差异。金融发展、人力资本投入对缩小城乡收入差距、促进城乡经济社会协调发展的正向效应在经济发达地区非常明显;相反,受金融资源"嫌贫爱富"本性和金融发展"门槛效应"以及人力资本外溢等因素的制约,经济欠发达地区的金融发展水平和人力资本投入对缩小城乡收入差距的积极效应并不显著。

This paper selects the 40 counties in western China economic data from 2001 to 2010,by establishing the panel data model analysis of the financial development,the relationship betw een human capital investment and the income gap betw een urban and rural areas,to provide theoretical and empirical support for the policy. The empirical results show that: to improve the level of financial development and the human capital investment is conducive to narrow ing the income gap betw een urban and rural areas,but also exists obvious regional differences. The positive effects of financial development,human capital investments on narrow ing the income gap betw een urban and rural areas and promoting the coordinated economic and social development of those is more obvious in developed areas. In contrast,affected by the nature of financial resources: 'to despise the poor and curry favor w ith the rich',and,'threshold effect'of financial development,as w ell as spillovers of human capital and other constraints,the positive effects of financial development and human capital investment in developing areas on narrow ing the urban-rural income gap is not significant.