长距离带状无线传感器网络路由协议设计

Design of Routing Protocol in Long Distance Band-type Wireless Sensor Network

带状网络的长带状特性会影响无线传感器网络路由协议的性能,导致网络出现"热区"。针对该问题,提出一种能量均衡的多跳路由协议CRLDB。该协议主要采用非均匀分簇的思想,引入备选簇首竞争半径的概念和相应的竞争策略,并加入最优簇首个数、节点剩余能量和周围邻居节点个数的簇首选择机制,使节点的剩余能量和传输能量达到平衡。NS2仿真实验结果证明,与LEACH和LEACH-C协议相比,CRLDB在网络的生存时间、整体能耗和基站收到的数据量这3个性能指标上有较大程度的提高,能更好地均衡网络的能量消耗,提高网络的生命周期。

Aiming at the problem that characteristics of the long distance band-type network will constrain the effect of general Wireless Sensor Network（WSN） routing protocols, and causes a ＂hot spot＂ problem in long distance band-type network, this paper introduces the energy balanced consumption multi-hop routing protocol CRLDB. It takes the idea of non-uniform cluster, concept of competition radius and the corresponding competitive strategy, and joins the number of cluster head node selection mechanism with the optimal number of cluster head, node residual energy and the surrounding neighbors, to balance nodes residual energy and transmission energy. Simulation by NS2 shows CRLDB routing protocol, compared with existing routing protocols Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy（LEACH）, LEACH-C for the survival time in the network, the network＇s overall energy consumption and the amount of data received by base stations, CRLDB protocol with several performances in the above has a large improvement, can balance the network＇s energy consumption and increase the network＇s lifetime.