关系运作对合作社获取外部资源的影响分析--基于对浙江省27家合作社的调查

Research on the Impacts of Operation of Guanxi on Obtaining Exterior Resources for Specialized Farmers' Cooperatives:Based on the Survey of 27 Cooperatives in Zhejiang Province

本文将合作社的组织者分为干部型和能人型两类。通过实地调查,本文发现,干部型组织者在农产品的生产过程中能与政府建立并维持双向依赖关系,从而获取体制内的资源,在农产品的销售过程中能利用政府的庇护关系和与同行的合作关系积极拓宽销售渠道,从而促进合作社的发展壮大;而能人型组织者与政府之间的关系强度较弱,对政府是单向的依赖关系,与同行之间是相互竞争关系,最终导致合作社名存实亡。由此可见,在当前有中国特色的人情社会中,组织者的关系运作对合作社获取外部资源的多寡有重要影响,如何规范和引导合作社的组织者进行关系运作,使其能充分有效地利用外部资源,并促进合作社实现规范化发展,是值得进一步探讨的问题。

This study divides the organizers of specialized farmers' cooperatives into nengren organizers and cadre organizers.In this field study,we find that the cadre organizers obtain external resources from local governments by establishing and maintaining a two-way dependency relationship with the government in the production of farm products.In addition,cadre organizers actively expand sales channels and promote rapid development of cooperatives by taking advantage of the market clientelism and building partnerships with peers.In contrast,nengren organizers are one-way dependent on the government,which is a weak relationship,and are also competing with peers,eventually leading to the cooperatives exist in name only.Evidently,in a relationship-driven society like China,the operation of guanxi by organizers has a strong influence on the access of cooperatives to external resources.Further research is needed to examine how to fully utilize exterior resources and promote standardized development of cooperatives by standardizing and guiding the operation of guanxi.