中国周边地缘政治与地缘经济格局和对策

Geopolitical and geoeconomic situation in the surrounding areas and China's strategies

在对19世纪末和20世纪西方代表性地缘政治与地缘经济理论进行重点介绍的基础上,分析了中国周边地缘政治与地缘经济的历史和现状特点,阐述了中国周边地缘政治与地缘经济的基本格局与发展态势,即:北部地缘政治关系紧密,地缘经济发展较快;西部地缘政治关系持续发展,地缘经济合作前景广阔;西南部为地缘政治破碎带,地缘经济极具潜力;南部地缘政治与地缘经济关系总体良好,但南海问题是不稳定因素;东部地缘政治热点问题敏感复杂,地缘经济结构相对稳定。最后提出了改善提升中国周边地缘政治关系与发展地缘经济的"北联、西进、南合、东拓"地缘战略及对策建议。

Based on the introduction of representative Western geopolitical and geoeconomic theories of the late nineteenth century and the twentieth century,this paper analyzes the characteristics of historical and contempo rary geopolitics and geoeconomics in China＇s surrounding areas.It also discusses the basic patterns and trends of geopolitical and geoeconomic situations in the area.The main pattems and characteristics are as follows.China＇s geopolitical relationship is close and geoeconomic relationship develops at a relatively rapid pace with northem neighboring countries.Its geopolitical relationship continuously develops and prospect of geoeconomic cooperation is very promising with neighboring countries to the west.On the other hand,China＇s geopolitical relationship with countries to the southwest is very fragile but the geoeconomic relationship has great potential to develop.In the south,China＇s geopolitical and geoeconomic relationship with neighboring countries is overall healthy,but the issue of South China Sea can be a potential cause of instability.Last but not the least,the geopolitical situation in the area to the east has sensitive and complex hotspots,whereas the structure of geoeconomics maintains relatively stable.This paper puts forward strategies and countermeasures in order to improve the geopolitical and geoeconomic situations,which can be summarized as ＂Uniting in the North,Advancing in the West,Cooperating in the South,and Extending in the East＂.More specifically,＂Uniting in the North＂ focuses on building a stable zone geopolitically based on mutual trust,economic and trade ties,science and technology,culture and other fields of cooperation with countries including Russia and Mongolia.＂Advancing in the West＂ means expanding the economic and trade cooperation and cultural exchanges with five Central Asian countries,Russia and West Asia,Eastern Europe and the European Union countries through the development of the ＂Silk Road Economic Belt＂,which vigorously promotes the vast development of geoeconomics and creates a favorable geo political environment for Western China.＂Cooperating in the South＂ aims at further strengthening traditional cooperative relations with South Asia and Southeast Asia countries by means of negotiation and dialogue,gradually resolving the Sino-Indian border dispute and territorial disputes in South China Sea.It also means promoting regional cooperation between China and ASEAN countries and countries located in the South Asia subcontinent,deepening the strategic friendship relations.All goals under ＂Cooperating in the South＂ cannot be accomplished without the development of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area,the China-Burma-India-Bangladesh economic corridor and the twenty-first century maritime Silk Road.At last,＂Extending in the East＂ places emphasis on breaking the first and second island chain encircled China set by USA and Japan and makes an ambitious plan that captures the mastery of the seas in 2020.