诸神之争、法制型支配与正当性——韦伯合法性理论的再认识

War of Gods,Legal Domination,and Legitimacy:Revisiting Weber's Legality Theory

当韦伯以现代社会科学的视角对合法性与正当性的议题进行研究后,他对当下正当性等同于合法性的陈述几乎成了我们研究合法性与正当性的出发点,不论是反对还是赞同。但是,在韦伯的合法性理论中,作为正当性的合法性存在两种意涵,一种是与价值无涉的经验陈述;一种是与价值判断相关的倾向和论证。正是在对经验现象批驳的基础上,韦伯论证了法制型支配和领袖民主相配合下作为正当性的合法性之可能条件。当我们正本清源,对韦伯的合法性理论进行再认识,或许会产生新的启示。

After Weber studied the issue of legality and legitimacy from the perspective of modern so-cial science,whether we agree or not,his statement that legitimacy is equivalent to legality has be-come the starting point for dealing with the issue of legality and legitimacy. However,there are two kinds of implications in Weber＆#39;s legality theory,one of which is related to the value-free experiential statement and another is related to the value judgment demonstration. It is on the basis of refuting em-pirical phenomena that Weber demonstrated the possible conditions of legality as legitimacy,when le-gal domination and leader democracy are matched. New ideas may be formed when we go back to the basics and make such a re-understanding of Weber＆#39;s legality theory.