鼻咽癌放射性口干症的研究进展

Research progress of radiation-induced xerostomia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

放射性口干症是鼻咽癌及其他头颈部肿瘤放疗相关的常见并发症.病因为放射线对涎腺腺泡、导管、血管和神经造成不同程度损伤,从而导致口干、黏膜炎、涎腺炎,甚至吞咽障碍、张口困难等症状.另外,放射性口干症与放射线对基因的影响也有密切关系.现阶段治疗以合理应用细胞保护剂和促涎剂及颌下腺移植转位保护为主,近年中医在放射性口干症的预防与治疗中也起到不容忽视的作用.

Radiation-induced xerostomia is the common radiotherapy-related complication of nasopha- ryngeal cancer and other head and neck cancers. The cause is that the radioactive rays damage salivary gland acini, ducts, blood vessels and nerves at different levels, resulting in dry mouth, mucositis, sialadenitis, and even dysphagia, trismus and other symptoms. In addition, radiation-induced xerostomia has a close relation to the radiation effect on the genes. Reasonable application of cytoprotective agents and sialagogues is the main treatment means. Chinese medicine also plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia in recent years.