城镇化背景下农村留守儿童心理健康:贫困与否的视角

Mental Health of Staying-at-home Children in Rural Areas Under the Background of Urbanization: From the Angle of Poverty

为探讨城镇化背景下农村留守儿童的心理健康及影响因素,探讨是否贫困的群体差异,本研究采用《青少年生活事件量表》《青少年心理韧性测量问卷》和《中国中学生心理健康量表》展开调查。结果发现,农村留守儿童的心理健康状况总体堪忧;贫困生的心理健康水平显著高于普通生,生活事件应激显著少于普通生,心理韧性显著优于普通生;留守儿童的生活事件、心理韧性与其心理健康分别呈显著正相关和显著负相关;留守儿童的生活事件直接预测心理健康,但贫困生的心理韧性发挥了调节和部分中介效应,而普通生的心理韧性仅有部分中介效应,且贫困生的部分中介效应值高于普通生。

In order to explore the factors influencing staying-at-home children＇s mental health under thebackground of urbanization based on poverty perspective and know more about the group difference of poverty,wemade a survey on the staying-at-home children with three measurement scales： “ Adolescences Life EventScale＇,“Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents＇and “Mental Health Inventory of Middle-school students＇,and found that the mental health of staying-at-home children is seriously worse than the norm,and the mentalhealth of poor children is significantly better than that of the ordinary,and poor children have fewer life-eventstresses and higher mental resilience than the ordinary group. The life-event and mental resilience of staying-at-home children are positively and negatively correlated with their mental health respectively. The life-events ofstaying-at-home children directly foretell their mental health,however,the mental resilience of poor children playsa role of readjustment and mediation,while the mental resilience of ordinary children plays a role of partial medi-ation and such a partial mediation effect is higher than that of the ordinary children.